Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park
General Information
Located in the west of Thai Gulf, in the territory of Kuiburi District, Sam Roi Yot Sub District, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province. Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park is Thailands first coastal National Park in 1996, covering the area of approximately 98.8 sq.km. The landscape is high steep limestone mountains by the beautiful coast, matching with plain area stand by the sea, which are marshy beach and shallow sea pond. There are limestones islands nearby the coast e.g., Sattakut Island, Kho Ram Island, Nom Sao Island, Rawing Island, Rawang Island and Khi Nok Island. The flat area with stagnant water through the year on the west of the park is Thung Sam Roi Yot, which is the large freshwater marsh, covering around 36.8
sq.km.
The name Khao Sam Roi Yot can be translated into "The Mountain With Three Hundred Peaks", a series of magnificent grey limestone mountains, which rise dramatically from the Gulf of Thailand and adjacent coastal marsh to a maximum height of 605 m.
The wooded mountains make it a site of outstanding natural beauty, but it is the freshwater marsh and coastal habitats (an important stopover and breeding area for birds), that gives the park great ecological significance. Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park also has great recreational and educational value. It offers the visitor a tremendous variety of attractions. These include fine sandy beaches, spectacular caves, superb mountain viewpoints, offshore islands, forest trails,
boat.
excursions, and estuarine and mangrove habitats, all within a relatively small area. This unparalleled variety of habitats makes it one of the most interesting national parks in
Thailand.
Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park contains a diverse array of habitats: ten distinctive habitat zones in all. One of the most interesting is the dry limestone mountains. These are sparsely covered by dwarf evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs which grow in the thin soils and on the barren rock. The average rainfall is just over a metre, falling mainly between August and November. This quickly drains away so plants have had to adapt to this unique environment. A mixed deciduous forest, including areas of secondary growth and bamboo grows on the foothills and in the
valleys.
Thung Sam Roi Yot, the largest freshwater marsh in Thailand, provides an important environment for a large number of birds, amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals. The World Conservation Union (IUCN) has recognized these fragile wetlands as a site of global importance. Other areas of habitat include scrub, salt pan, cultivated areas, mudflats, brackish waters, mangroves, sand beaches, offshore islets, and open
sea.
The geological characteristic here is very high steep limestone that becomes the high steep cliffs as well as the deep abyss. The highest peak of the hills is 605 meters above the mean sea level. The most fascinating are Khao Yai, Khao Tham Prathun, Khao Daeng, Khao Khan Ban Dai and etc. The limestone land had been worn away by natural impact till became caves or abyss such as Tam Kaeo, Tam Sai, Tam Phraya Nakhon Cave and
etc.
Flora and Fauna
Khao Sam Roi Yot has a variety of ecology system, composing of sea, beaches, mangrove forests, freshwater, marsh land, and limestone mountain, which make the areas are appropriated to be living place of any kind of animals, particularly
birds.
Plant community found are beach forests, mangrove forests, limestone-hill forests and hydropholic plant social. General plants found in the park are Casuaria equisetifolia (Sea oak), Theapesia populnea, Calophyllum inophyllum, Manilkara hexandra, Diospyros mollis (Ebony tree), Wrightia tomentosa (Ivory), Dracaena loureiri, Diospyros bejaudii, Afzelia xylocarpa, Rhizophora mucronata (Red mangrone), Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops decandra, Xylocarpus granatum, Avicennia marina; whereas social plants found in fresh pond are Cyperus spp., Neyraudia reynaudiana, Arundo donax, Themeda arundinacea, Hymenachne pseudointerrupta, Leersia hexandra, Nymphaea spp., Marsilea creuata (Water clover) Alocasia sp., Water chestnuts and
etc.
Wildlife Treasures
Due to the steep and relatively inaccessible nature of its mountainous interior, the park still supports a population of Serow, a blackish goat-antelope now rare in Thailand. To catch a glimpse of the Serow, try scanning the rugged mountain crags with a pair of binoculars in the early morning, or evening when it is
active.
The park also supports populations of three species of primate: Dusky, or Spectacled Langur, Crab-eating, or Long-tailed Macaque, and the Slow Lorris. The visitor is virtually guaranteed views of the delightful Dusky Langur as the park is one of the best spots in the world to observe this amusing primate, which is easily recognized by its distinctive spectacle eye
patches.
The Dusky Langur and the less retiring Crab-eating Macaque are often seen in the vicinity of the park bungalows at the headquarters or the forested sloped behind. More difficult to see is the shy, nocturnal Slow Lorris. To see the Slow Loris try searching the tree canopy at night with a flashlight which will pick up its'eye reflection.
Other mammals found here are the Barking Deer, Malayan Pangolin, Fishing Cat, Common Palm-Civet, Malayan Porcupine, Javan Mongoose, Siamese Hare, & the Grey-bellied Squirrel. Dolphins can occasionally be observed in the coastal
waters.
Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park has become a popular spot with bird watchers due to the approximately 300 recorded species found here and the park's accessibility. The large number of species found within a relatively small area can be attributed to the unique diversity of habitat, and because the park is located on the East Asian/Australian Flyway. Migratory visitors account for half of all the listed
species.
The park is reportedly one of the best locations in Thailand to observe shorebirds. Between September and November hundreds of migratory shorebirds from Siberia, China, and Northern Europe arrive at the mudflats to feed and rest, before continuing their southern journey. Some will spend the winter months (November to March) here. These birds will begin the long return journey to their northern breeding grounds between March and
May.
The freshwater marsh near the village of Rong Jay provides a good opportunity to view a number of large waterbirds, songbirds and raptors. The marsh is one of only two sites in Thailand where the Purple Heron breeds. The area around the headquarters also makes an ideal location to see birds associated with deciduous woodland, scrubland, and mangrove. Persons interested in birds can pick-up a "Check List and Guide to Bird Finding" available for a small fee, from the Visitors' Center at the
Headquarters.
Phraya Nakhon Cave
This vast cavern high on a hill with a royal history is a favourite destination for visitors to the park. The cave is actually two large sinkholes, the roofs of which have collapsed allowing sunlight & rain to reach the floor, where trees have rooted reaching for the
ceiling.
The cave was named for Phraya Nakhon, a former ruler who discovered it over 200 years ago after being forced ashore by a violent storm. The central focus within the cave is a four-gabled roofed pavillion bathed by natural light, which was built for the visit of King Rama V on June 20th, 1890.
This royal pavillion has become the symbol of the province of Prachuap Khiri Khan. King Rama VII visited the cave in June 1926, and one can view the signatures left by both kings on the walls. King Bhumipol (King Rama IX), the present King of Thailand has twice visited Phraya Nakhon continuing the royal
legacy.
Phraya Nakhon Cave can be reached from Laem Sala Beach, by a steep rocky trail, 430 m. long and rising to a height of 130m., taking about 30 minute to climb. Caution should be used and proper footwear worn as the rock is sharp and can be
slippery.
Khao Daeng Viewpoint
400 meters on the asphalt street from the headquarter and another 300 meters going up to the hill, taking around 30 minutes, there is a viewpoint at the peak that stands 157 meters above the mean sea level. The time for a very good view is in early morning about 5.30 am. because we could see the sun rise from the rim of the sea at Ban Khao Daeng as well as the other beautiful surrounding. And also birds, sam crab-eating macaques, monkeys and semnopithecus that come out to find foods in the early morning
too.
Khao Daeng Canal
1.5 kilometers from the headquarters, the popular activity for tourists is a boat trip by rent a boat from Ban Khao Daeng along the canal around 3-4 kilometers, approximately 1 hour taken per round. During the boat triping with a mangrove forest view, the tourists would see various kinds of birds. The most appropriated time for this trip is 16.30-17.30 because this is the sunset
time.
Sam Phraya Beach
5 kilometers to the north from the headquarters, there is a clam and fascinating beach in the middle of casuarina vegetation, 1 kilometer of the length that tourists can bring their own tent for overnight stay and food services are
available.
Kaeo Cave
Located in the Chan Valley, 16 kilometers far from the headquarters to Bang Pu. It is a beautiful cave that has clear and translucent stalactites and stalagmites. Walking in the cave is quite hard because of the dark and unsmooth floor with full of small and big stones, so that pressure lantern or flashlight will be needed and the parks officers have to be guide leaders in the cave tour trip approximately 2
hours.
Laem Sala Beach
This cape has a fine sandy beach protected on three sides by limestone hills, and when approached from the sea it appears to be an island. Amongst the plantation of casuarina (a pine like tree), you will find a restaurant, bungalows, a camping area, a small visitor center, a picnic shelter, and washrooms. Laem Sala is accessible either by land or
water.
A boat, holding up to 10 persons, can be hired from Bang Pu Village for the trip, which takes about 30 minutes. Laem Sala Beach can also be reached by taking a steep, but well constructed trail, starting near the seashore about 200 m. from the village's temple. This 20 minutes walk offers a splendid views of the coast and offshore
islands.
Sai Cave
Located in the bush of Tanot, 9 kilometers far from the headquarters of the park. It is not too far to visit up to the cave. Tourists are able to park cars at base of the hill and walk up to the hill for 280 meters, taking approximately 30 minutes. It is rather dark inside the cave, in the weekend, there are flashlights and lamps services and on the weekday, there is lamp rental service for tourists at Ban Khung Tanot. The cave inside has very beautiful stalactites and stalagmites. It is approximately 1 hour for touring inside the
cave.
Sam Roi Yot Freshwater Marsh
A kind of wetlandthat is the wide plain area naturally occurred with either holding water or flooding throughout the year. It has both fresh and brackish water. It is the source of biological and physical components, and also the symbol of the system, which has various kinds of plants, animals and foods elements. Thung Sam Roi Yot is the living place of many kinds of birds, both residents and seasonal migrant birds, so this is the one of the important places for
birdwatching.
Contact Address
Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park
Mu 2, Ban Khao Daeng, Khao Daeng Sub-district, Amphur Kui Buri Prachuap Khiri Khan Thailand 77150
Tel. 0 3261 9078 Fax 0 3261 9078 E-mail
reserve@dnp.go.th
How to go?
By Car
Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park is located 63 km. South of Hua Hin, in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province.
Driving from Bangkok, take Highway #4 (Petkasem Road) to Pranburi (approx. 3.5 hrs.), and then it is a further 37 km to the headquarters. Turn left at Pranburis main intersection, drive 2 km, at which point the road forks right, continue for 2 km and turn right at the police substation. From here its 19 km to the parks check post, and then another 14 km to the
headquarters.
Driving from the south enter the parks southern entrance off Highway # 4, 36 km past Prachuap Khiri Khan. Turn right at km. 286.5, at the sign which reads Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park and countinue 13 km to the
headquarters.
By Bus
There are air-conditioned buses and regular buses service at the New South Transport Station going to Pranburi District, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province. At the point, Pranburi Bang Pu, Bang Pu Laem Sala, Pranburi the parks headquarter and Bang Pu the parks headquarter rental cars are on service.